S1276: Bikini-Burqa Index of Nations. Fashion Technovation 2025.

The Bikini to Burqa Womens Wear Index (B2BWW Index) is a conceptual framework to categorize dress codes for women based on the degree of skin and hair exposure. It places attire on a spectrum from minimal coverage to maximum coverage, reflecting cultural, social, or regional dressing norms. This index can be used to broadly characterize the predominant dress styles for women in a city or nation, acknowledging that individual choices vary widely.

On the left is 1. Extreme Radical Individual Liberalists or Naturists (Nudists-Tribalists) eg. Andaman and Rio Carnival Brazil & Indian Jain Monks (Naga Sadhus). Unevolved Genderity of Individualists.

on the Right Extreme Radical Collective Conservatives global_Religionists or Clothists (Nuns & Hijabbed nations like Iran). Toxic Genderity of Authoritarianism/Totalitarianism.

in Centre is Moderate Centerist Nations. that are Balanced Tonic Genderity Utilitarianism.

Index Spectrum

The BBSB Index ranges from 1 (minimal coverage, maximum exposure) to 10 (maximum coverage, minimal exposure). Below is the spectrum with examples of attire, their approximate coverage levels, and descriptions.

  1. Bikini (Level 1)
  • Description: Minimal coverage, typically exposing most of the body, including torso, arms, legs, and hair. Common in beach or resort settings.
  • Skin Exposure: ~90-95% (torso, arms, legs exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully exposed.
  • Cultural Context: Often seen in liberal, warm-climate regions or tourist-heavy areas (e.g., Goa, India; Miami, USA).
  1. Crop Top and Shorts/Skirt (Level 2)
  • Description: Exposes midriff, arms, and legs. Popular in urban, youth-centric settings.
  • Skin Exposure: ~80-85% (midriff, arms, legs exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully exposed.
  • Cultural Context: Common in metropolitan cities with liberal fashion norms (e.g., Mumbai, Los Angeles).
  1. Short Dress/Mini Skirt (Level 3)
  • Description: Covers torso but exposes legs and arms. Often fashionable in urban settings.
  • Skin Exposure: ~70-80% (arms, upper legs exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully exposed.
  • Cultural Context: Seen in cosmopolitan areas (e.g., Delhi, London).
  1. Knee-Length Dress/Salwar Kameez (Level 4)
  • Description: Covers torso and upper legs, may expose lower legs and arms. Includes modern dresses or traditional outfits like salwar kameez with short sleeves.
  • Skin Exposure: ~50-60% (lower legs, arms exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully exposed.
  • Cultural Context: Common in semi-conservative urban settings (e.g., Bangalore, Dubai).
  1. Bandhani-Saree/Lehenga (Level 5)
  • Description: Traditional Indian attire like a saree or lehenga, often exposing midriff but covering most of the body. May include a dupatta for additional coverage.
  • Skin Exposure: ~40-50% (midriff, sometimes arms exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully exposed or partially covered with dupatta.
  • Cultural Context: Widespread in India, especially during cultural or festive events (e.g., Jaipur, Ahmedabad).
  1. Maxi Dress/Anarkali Suit (Level 6)
  • Description: Covers torso, arms, and legs fully, but form-fitting or with minimal exposure (e.g., neckline). Includes floor-length Anarkali suits.
  • Skin Exposure: ~20-30% (neck, hands exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully exposed or loosely covered.
  • Cultural Context: Common in conservative urban areas (e.g., Lucknow, Istanbul).
  1. Churidar with Long Dupatta (Level 7)
  • Description: Full-body coverage with long-sleeved kameez, churidar, and a dupatta covering hair or shoulders.
  • Skin Exposure: ~10-20% (face, hands exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Partially or fully covered with dupatta.
  • Cultural Context: Prevalent in traditional or semi-conservative regions (e.g., Punjab, parts of Pakistan).
  1. Abaya/Jilbab (Level 8)
  • Description: Loose, full-body covering attire, often with a headscarf covering hair and neck. Face remains exposed.
  • Skin Exposure: ~5-10% (face, hands exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully covered.
  • Cultural Context: Common in conservative regions (e.g., Riyadh, Tehran).
  1. Hijab with Niqab (Level 9)
  • Description: Covers entire body and hair, with only eyes visible. Includes niqab paired with abaya or similar attire.
  • Skin Exposure: ~2-5% (eyes exposed).
  • Hair Exposure: Fully covered.
  • Cultural Context: Seen in highly conservative areas (e.g., parts of Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan).
  1. Burqa (Level 10)
    • Description: Complete coverage, including a mesh over the eyes to allow vision. No skin or hair exposed.
    • Skin Exposure: 0% (no skin visible).
    • Hair Exposure: Fully covered.
    • Cultural Context: Prevalent in extremely conservative regions (e.g., parts of Afghanistan, rural Yemen).

Application to Cities/Nations

The BBSB Index can be applied to characterize the predominant dress code for women in a city or nation based on cultural norms, climate, and social expectations. Below are examples of where certain cities might fall on the spectrum, based on general observations:

  • Level 1-2 (Bikini to Crop Top/Shorts): Cities like Miami (USA), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), or Goa (India during tourist season) where beachwear or casual, revealing clothing is common in specific contexts.
  • Level 3-4 (Short Dress to Knee-Length Dress/Salwar): Urban centers like Mumbai (India), New York (USA), or London (UK), where modern and semi-traditional attire with moderate coverage is prevalent.
  • Level 5-6 (Bandhani-Saree to Maxi Dress/Anarkali): Cities like Jaipur (India), Dhaka (Bangladesh), or Istanbul (Turkey), where traditional attire with moderate coverage dominates.
  • Level 7-8 (Churidar to Abaya): Regions like Lahore (Pakistan), Dubai (UAE), or Cairo (Egypt), where conservative attire with headscarves is common.
  • Level 9-10 (Hijab with Niqab to Burqa): Cities like Kabul (Afghanistan) or Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), where full-coverage attire is culturally or legally enforced.

Notes

  • Cultural Sensitivity: The index is a descriptive tool and does not imply judgment on any dress style. Individual choices vary, and the index reflects general trends.
  • Context Matters: Dress codes depend on context (e.g., urban vs. rural, festive vs. daily wear, climate). For example, a city like Mumbai may span Levels 2-6 depending on the setting.
  • Dynamic Nature: Dress norms evolve with globalization, fashion trends, and socio-political changes, so a city’s position on the index may shift over time.

This index provides a framework to understand and compare dress codes globally, respecting the diversity of cultural expressions.

Published by G.R. Prasadh Gajendran (Indian, Bengalurean, IIScian...) Design4India Visions2030.

Advocate (KSBC), (B.Arch, LLB, M.Des) Defender of IndConstitution, Chief-Contextor for Mitras-Projects of Excellences. Certified (as Health&Fitness_Instructor, HasyaYoga_Coach & NLP), RationalReality-Checker, actualizing GRP (GrowGritfully, ReachReasonably & PracticePeerfully 4All). Deep_Researcher & Sustainable Social Connector/Communicator/Creator/Collaborator. "LIFE is L.ight, I.nfo, F.low & E.volution"-GRP. (VishwasaMitra)

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